How to create a bootable installer for macOS

You can use an external drive or secondary volume as a startup disk from which to install the Mac operating system.

These advanced steps are primarily for system administrators and others who are familiar with the command line. You don't need a bootable installer to install macOS, but it can be useful when you want to install on multiple computers without downloading the installer each time. 

Download macOS

Download a macOS installer.* You can find the appropriate download link in the upgrade instructions for macOS Catalina, macOS Mojave, macOS High Sierra, macOS Sierra, and OS X El Capitan.

• If the macOS installer opens after downloading, quit it without continuing installation. 
• macOS Sierra and El Capitan download as a disk image that contains an installer named InstallOS.pkg or InstallMacOSX.pkg. Run this installer before continuing.
• If downloading macOS Catalina, macOS Mojave, or macOS High Sierra for the purpose of creating a bootable installer, your Mac must be using macOS Sierra 10.12.5 or later, or El Capitan 10.11.6. Enterprise administrators, please download from Apple, not a locally hosted software-update server.

Then find the installer in your Applications folder as a single ”Install” file, such as Install macOS Catalina.

Use the 'createinstallmedia' command in Terminal

1. Connect the USB flash drive or other volume you're using for the bootable installer. Make sure that it has at least 12GB of available storage and is formatted as Mac OS Extended.
2. Open Terminal, which is in the Utilities folder of your Applications folder.
3. Type or paste one of the following commands in Terminal. These assume that the installer is still in your Applications folder, and MyVolume is the name of the USB flash drive or other volume you're using. If it has a different name, replace MyVolume in these commands with the name of your volume.
   
   Catalina:*
   

   sudo /Applications/Install\ macOS\ Catalina.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia --volume /Volumes/MyVolume
   

   
   Mojave:*
   

   sudo /Applications/Install\ macOS\ Mojave.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia --volume /Volumes/MyVolume
   

   
   High Sierra:*
   

   sudo /Applications/Install\ macOS\ High\ Sierra.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia --volume /Volumes/MyVolume
   

   
   Sierra:
   

   sudo /Applications/Install\ macOS\ Sierra.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia --volume /Volumes/MyVolume --applicationpath /Applications/Install\ macOS\ Sierra.app
   

   
   El Capitan:
   

   sudo /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ El\ Capitan.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia --volume /Volumes/MyVolume --applicationpath /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ El\ Capitan.app
   

4. Press Return after typing the command.
5. When prompted, type your administrator password and press Return again. Terminal doesn't show any characters as you type your password.
6. When prompted, type Y to confirm that you want to erase the volume, then press Return. Terminal shows the progress as the bootable installer is created.  
7. When Terminal says that it's done, the volume will have the same name as the installer you downloaded, such as Install macOS Mojave. You can now quit Terminal and eject the volume.

* If your Mac is using macOS Sierra or earlier, include the --applicationpath argument, similar to the way this argument is used in the commands for Sierra and El Capitan.

Use the bootable installer

After creating the bootable installer, follow these steps to use it.

1. Connect the bootable installer to a compatible Mac. 
2. Use Startup Manager or Startup Disk preferences to select the bootable installer as the startup disk, then start up from it. Your Mac will start up to macOS Recovery.
   Learn about selecting a startup disk, including what to do if your Mac doesn't start up from it.
3. Choose your language, if prompted.
4. A bootable installer doesn't download macOS from the Internet, but it does require the Internet to get information specific to your Mac model, such as firmware updates. If you need to connect to a Wi-Fi network, use the Wi-Fi menu  in the menu bar. 
5. Select Install macOS (or Install OS X) from the Utilities window, then click Continue and follow the onscreen instructions.

How to Clean Install macOS / OS X Without a USB Drive

Here's how you can clean install macOS or OS X on your iMac, MacBook, MacBook Pro without bootable USB drive, external storage medium.

Clean Install macOS / OS X Over the Air, Completely Untethered - All You Need is an Internet Connection

When it comes to installing a fresh copy of macOS or OS X, we immediately divert our minds toward a bootable USB drive from which we will take things off. But really, you don't have to follow the traditional way in order to do a clean installation of Apple's desktop operating system onto your Mac. Everything can be done over the air, completely untethered, and all you need to have at hand is a fast working Internet connection.

But why would you want to take the untethered route? There are a lot of reasons behind it, but I'll focus on only three.

• A USB drive isn't available at all times for everyone.
• Internet speeds are fast enough to get things done at a quick pace.
• You don't have a dongle to connect your USB drive with your (new) Mac.

Tutorial

Before you go ahead with the installation it's worth mentioning here that you will lose your files, therefore make a backup of everything on an external USB drive or iCloud before proceeding. All set? Let's jump into the installation process.

1. Restart your Mac, or power it on, while holding down the Command + R key combination.

2. Release the Command + R key combination once you see the Apple logo on display. In a few short seconds, you'll boot straight into Recovery.

3. Once you see a window like the one below, click on Disk Utility and Erase your main Mac HDD (or SSD). Make sure it's the drive on which you want to install macOS or OS X on.

4. Once the disk is done erasing, close the Disk Utility window. You'll be taken back to the main Utilities page.

5. At this point connect your Mac to a WiFi network by clicking on the WiFi button in the menu bar. Select the network you wish to connect to and enter its password. If you have a the option to connect to the Internet using an Ethernet cable, then you can take that route as well.

6. In Utilities, click on Reinstall macOS or Reinstall OS X.

7. Follow the on-screen prompts for installation and make sure you choose the drive you erased in step 3. This is the target drive where macOS / OS X will boot off from.

8. The process will now begin, but Recovery will first download macOS or OS X from Apple's servers before the actually installation takes place. This may take a while depending on the speed of your Internet connection. It can take as little as twenty minutes all the way up to a few hours.

Once you are done, simply set up macOS or OS X as you normally would.

Paytm set to lay off over 500 employees across mid and junior levels

Exclusive: Paytm set to lay off over 500 employees across mid and junior levels

• Jai Vardhan and Varsha Bansal
• November 29, 2019

Paytm is in the process of laying off over 500 employees at mid and junior levels, according to four people familiar with the matter. They said that the Noida-based firm has been trimming its workforce for the past few days across four main verticals including the KYC, O2O, retail and transportation teams. 

“Many state heads, including junior managers and team leads, have been asked to resign abruptly. The firm is offering two-month severance packages to those who are being fired,” said two sources requesting anonymity.

The layoffs are in line with its strategy to curb expenses, added the sources. Maharashtra, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and a few southern states recorded the maximum layoffs. Sources confirmed that job cuts are taking place across the country.

Entrackr spoke to at least half a dozen employees who were asked to resign over the last few days. 

“We received calls from our immediate bosses saying that something isn’t right. Within hours, the human resource function called up and asked us to resign. We got a standard two months salary but asking abruptly to leave didn’t go well with us,” said the people who have been asked to leave the organisation. 

Several employees who recently joined the firm, some as early as a month ago, have received a letter from One97 Communications and Paytm Services, asking them to leave immediately. According to the letter, which has been viewed by Entrackr, these employees have been asked to submit all their documents, software access, passcodes and other assets back to the company.

Responding to Entrackr’s queries, the Paytm spokesperson said: “Joining and leaving an organization is a part of the normal process. We have a well-structured system to assist our colleagues in their journey with Paytm. Performance is also evaluated from time to time, based on which certain decisions may be taken.” 

After the WeWork debacle, several media reports have surfaced saying SoftBank has changed its strategy as far as its portfolio companies are concerned. Unlike in the past where the formidable investor had mandated investee companies to chase growth at any cost, it’s now asking them to go for a sustainable path and chase profitability.

The change in strategy for SoftBank appears to be reflecting in India, too. Paytm, which is one of the largest bets by Masayoshi Son-led conglomerate has been looking at ways to control its burn rate. When reached out for a comment, a SoftBank spokesperson said they do not comment on their portfolio companies.

This comes just days after Paytm raised $1 billion in a round led by US asset manager T. Rowe Price along with participation from existing investors. So, the question arises — why is it laying off more than 5% of its total employee base? 

“Paytm didn’t want any negative coverage in the press before raising the round that was in work for months,” added two of the above four sources. They did not wish to be named.

The mass layoffs at mid and junior levels are taking place after the exodus of top-level employees since the beginning of this year. Many CXO level employees left including Kiran Vasireddy, Nitin Mishra, Deepak Abbot, Sujit Mishra and Nitin Sagar.

Sources also said that Paytm is likely to cut more staff in the coming months. Entrackr couldn’t confirm this immediately.

Even as it trims its costs, it looks like Paytm is leaving no stone unturned to make money simultaneously. The homepage of the mobile payments app displays an ad for the mobile phone OnePlus 7 Pro being sold on Amazon. When clicked, the link redirects to Amazon’s website for the user to make the purchase.  

This could be a part of the strategy for Paytm Ads that Entrackr exclusively reported on last month. However, it remains unclear as to why Paytm would want to promote a business that directly competes with its e-commerce business — Paytm Mall.

https://entrackr.com/2019/11/exclusive-paytm-lay-off-500-employees-mid-junior-levels/?fbclid=IwAR35_P0NiGmPqN8sAG9MVP8JLgxRB4_y8KPjOnCbglXi63sUPzn_olI9dYk

Don't Share your ATM PIN and Card number Bank never ask

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How To Downgrade Windows 10 To Windows 7 or 8

How To Downgrade Windows 10 To Windows 7 or 8 (With Pictures)

Now lots of people have decided to choose Windows 10 as a default operating system, after releasing it officially. Windows 10 is released with such an amazing concepts and features. I really appreciate to Microsoft’s effort to build this. We all were very disappointed when windows 8 was released. Because there were lots of bugs and problems were happening with it. So, no one liked it and that’s why this version had been rejected totally by every user.I’m also a Windows 10 user now, but in my views, the most successful version is still Windows 7. No one is better yet even Windows 10 too. Windows 10 has released but still it has to need some improvement more. People switched to the Windows 10 at the start when it was released, but due to the different issues now they wanna switch it back again to the previous version. So, that’s why, I’m here again with a simple procedure to Downgrade Windows 10 to the previous OS.

I think, Microsoft first time gave an opportunity to upgrade Windows 10 directly from the previous version. Same as, it’s also provided to downgrade option too. So, if you’re that user who wanna switch back to the previous operating system then follow below simple steps.

Can I Really Downgrade Windows 10 Directly?

Few days before, I received an email, in which someone was asking exact same question to me ‘Can I Really Downgrade Windows 10 Directly To The Previous Version?’. So, while writing this article, I thought I should also discuss with our visitors about it. So answer is ‘YES’. Yeah! This is a first time that Microsoft gave an upportunity to downgrade operating system directly. But to do that you’ve to follow below steps that I mentioned.

How To Downgrade Windows 10 To Previous OS

So here are the steps to downgrade Windows 10 to the previous version. All the steps are explained very finely. But still any problem happens with you then email us feel free or leave your comment or problem in below comment section.

Now to downgrade Windows 10, first go to the Windows 10 Setting Panel, that’s introduced first time in it. Go to the start and then click on ‘Setting’.

Once the Setting Panel opened then click on the ‘Update And Security’ option.

After that action, Update and Security menu will be opened separately. Here click on ‘Recovery’ at the Left pane and then click on ‘Get Started’, under the option of ‘Go Back To Windows 7’.

Now another dialog box will be opened. Here, it will ask different questions for feedback. This is just a formality. Answer it feel free and then click on ‘Next’.

After that, it will take time to restore your system and ready for previous version. While, preparing you can’t use your PC. So, don’t try to use it while downgrading, because it may be effected for your system. That’s it

Final Words

So, this is a simple procedure to downgrade Windows 10 to the previous version that I mentioned above. Actually, this is one and only official way to downgrade Windows 10, otherwise you’ve to arrange any DVD or ISO file of OS that you want to install. Hope, I explained well and now again saying, suppose if any problem happens with you then don’t forget to share with us via email or below comment section. If you think, it’s helpful then share this article with others who wanna downgrade Windows 10. Enjoy!

How to Reset Forgotten SA Password without Stopping SQL Server Instance

Forgot your SA password or get locked out of SQL Server? How to connect to SQL Server database in case the ‘BUILTIN\Administrators’ group is removed from SYSADMIN server role? One of my previous articles covers how to recover sa password through single user mode, but that approach requires of restarting your SQL Server instance and causing some downtime. Sometimes this would be unacceptable. In this article we’ll provide you with another way to reset forgotten SA password in SQL Server 2012/2008/2005 without any downtime.

How to Reset Forgotten SA Password without Stopping SQL Server Instance?

1. To get started, we need to run the SQL Server Management Studio as the system account. This can be done easily with the PsExec program. Download PsExec from Sysinternals website. Extract the PsExec.exe program and save it to a folder on your computer such as C:\.
2. Open an elevated Command Prompt and run the following command:
   C:\PsExec.exe -s -i "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\110\Tools\Binn\ManagementStudio\Ssms.exe"
   Note: Your actual path of SQL Server Management Studio may be different from the one above.
3. It will start SQL Server Management Studio as the system account. You’ll see that the username is shown as “NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM”. Simply choose the “Windows Authentication” mode and click on the Connect button.
   
4. Once you connect, in the Object Explorer view, click the plus sign next to Security, and then the plus sign next to Logins. Once expanded, right-click on the SA user, and choose Properties. You can then change the forgotten SA password with a new one.
   

It is quite common to get locked out of a SQL Server instance, or simply forgot the SA password. With this approach you can reset forgotten SQL Server password easily! Quickly regain access to your SQL Server database without even any downtime.

How to Reset Forgotten SA Password in SQL Server 2008

I installed SQL Server 2008 sometime ago and forgot the sa password I set during setup. How can I connect to SQL server now? Is there a way I can retrieve sa password in SQL Server 2008?

If you ever forgot a SA password, you may have thought that the only option is to reinstall SQL Server. But this is not true. If you can still log in to your SQL Server with Windows authentication mode, or log in using other user account that is a member of sysadmin role, then you can reset the lost SA password easily! However I don’t think this approach will help you, otherwise you wouldn’t be sitting here reading article, would you?

Other method is to use this professional password recovery software – SQL Server Password Changer, which provides you with an easy way to reset forgotten SA password in SQL Server 2008 (R2). It also supports SQL Server 2012/2005/2000. Follow this tutorial and you can reset SQL Server password and regain access to your database easily and quickly.

How to Reset Forgotten SA Password in SQL Server 2008?

1. Download and install SQL Server Password Changer on your computer.
2. After installing, start the program and then click on “Open File” button.
3. It will display a dialog box that prompts you to choose the master.mdf database of your SQL Server. But at this time you need to stop your SQL Server serivce in advance so this password recovery program is able to regain full control over the master.mdf file.
4. Once you’ve chosen the master.mdf file, click on “Open”. The program will display all user accounts existing in your SQL Server database.
   
5. Choose the SA user account and then click on “Change Password” button. Enter your new password and click OK. Now you’ve successfully reset your forgotten SA password in SQL Server 2008.
6. Start the SQL Server service and then you can log in to the SA account using the new password.

Using SQL Server Password Changer you can also reset the password of any other user accounts existing in your SQL Server 2008 database. Resetting the password of SA is a breeze!

How to Reset Domain Admin Password Windows Server 2008

4 Ways to Reset Domain Admin Password on Windows Server 2008

September 9th, 2016 by AdminLeave a reply »

How can I change domain password from command line? Have you forgotten domain administrator password? In this tutorial we’ll show you 4 ways to reset domain admin password on Windows Server 2008 domain controller.

Method 1: Reset Domain Admin Password Using Active Directory Users and Computers snap-in

1. Click the Start button, and then select All Programs > Administrative Tools > Active Directory Users and Computer.
   
2. When the Active Directory Users and Computers MMC snap-in opens, expand your domain and click Users in the left pane.
3. In the right pane, right-click the name of the account, and click Reset Password.
   
4. Type and then confirm the new password. Click OK.
   

Method 2: Reset Domain Admin Password from Command Line

1. To get started, you need to open an elevated Command Prompt. Click the Start button, and then select All Programs > Accessories. Right-click on Command Prompt and select Run as administrator.
   
2. At the Command Prompt, you can run the net user user_name new_password /domain command to change your domain user password. For example, if you wan to change the password of the user Tom to P@ssword123, run the below command:
   net user Tom P@ssword123 /domain
   
3. Now you’ve successfully reset your domain administrator password from command line.

Method 3: Reset Domain Admin Password by Pressing Ctrl+Alt+Del

1. When you’re logged into Windows Server, press the Ctrl+Alt+Del key combination, you will still see this task menu. Click Change a password.
   
2. Type your old password followed by a new password as indicated, and then type the new password again to confirm it. Press Enter or click on the blue arrow pointing right.
   
3. You should then receive a message stating that you have successfully changed your password.

Method 4: Reset Domain Admin Password Using PCUnlocker

1. Download PCUnlocker Enterprise (distributed as .zip format) and save it to your desktop. When the download is complete, right-click on the .zip file to extract it.
2. After extracting, burn the PCUnlocker ISO file to your USB flash drive using ISO2Disc – an excellent utility that helps to create bootable CD/USB flash drive from ISO file.
   
3. Next insert the USB flash drive into your Windows Server machine. Restart the server and enter into BIOS Setup: set the USB as first boot device. After booting from USB, it’ll take you to the PCUnlocker application.
4. Switch the recovery mode to Reset Active Directory Password. The program will display your domain accounts stored in the Active Directory database. Choose an user and click Reset Password.
   
5. Click Yes to confirm and your domain user password will be changed to Password123 immediately.
   
   Reboot the server without USB, you can then log in to Windows Server 2008 domain controller successfully. That’s it!

How to Reset Forgotten Windows Server 2016 Password

2 Ways to Reset Forgotten Windows Server 2016 Password

October 10th, 2016 by AdminLeave a reply »

What to do if you forgot the administrator password in Windows Server 2016? As a IT administrator, you should have ever experienced trouble logging into a server with unknown password, so in this post we’ll show two simple ways to reset forgotten Windows Server 2016 administrator password. These methods work on other Windows versions as well.

Method 1: Reset Windows Server 2016 Password with Installation Disk

If you have the original Windows installation disk, you can reset forgotten Windows Server 2016 password by following these steps:

1. Boot the server from the Windows Server 2016 Installation DVD. When the Setup screen appears, press SHIFT + F10 keys to open Command Prompt.
2. At the Command Prompt, run the following commands:
   d:
cd Windows\System32
ren Utilman.exe Utilman.exe.original
copy cmd.exe Utilman.exe
shutdown -r -t 0
   
3. The server should now reboot and present the logon screen. Press Windows Key + U or click the Ease of Access button, Command Prompt will pop up and type:
   net user Administrator P@ssword123
   This will set the password for the Administrator to be P@ssword123 (case sensitive).
4. Close the Command Prompt and you should now be able to log back onto Windows Server 2016 using the password you have provided in the previous step. After logging in, browse to the directory C:\Windows\System32, delete Utilman.exe and rename Utilman.exe.original back to Utilman.exe.

Method 2: Reset Windows Server 2016 Password with PCUnlocker

PCUnlocker is easy to use bootable utility that can help you reset domain & local administrator password in Windows Server 2016. Here’s how:

1. Boot your server from PCUnlocker Live CD (or USB drive). If you don’t have one, you need to create it from another working PC. Download the PCUnlocker ISO file and burn it to CD (or USB drive) using the ISO2Disc software.
   
2. When booting to the PCUnlocker program, you’ll see two options: Reset Local Admin/User Password, Reset Active Directory Password. The latter option is for domain controller only.
   
3. Select the Administrator account and click the Reset Password button. Depend on your account type (local account or domain account), the program will set the password to be empty or Password123.
   
4. After resetting the password, reboot the server and take out CD. You can then log into Windows Server 2016 administrator account successfully.